Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Benign adrenal incidentalomas (AI) are found in 3-5% of adults. All patients should undergo a 1 mg -overnight dexamethasone suppression test (1 mg -DST) to exclude cortisol excess (non-functioning adrenal tumours, NFAT; serum cortisol ≤50 nmol/l) or diagnose possible mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS; serum cortisol >50 nmol/l). Current guidelines discourage repeating hormonal work-up in patients with benign AI. However, data underpinning this reco...

Background: Diabetes-related ketoacidosis (DKA) is a common and potentially life threatening complication in people with diabetes. Despite national and international guidelines, interhospital guideline variation and mismanagement during admission are important contributory factors to increased DKA duration and length of stay.Aim: To establish a common DKA registry to identify gaps in management, assess outcomes and share best practises across centres.</p...

IntroductionOnce thought to typify type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is also now increasingly recognized. We explored the clinical and biochemical differences in DKA in the two types of diabetes.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included all the DKA episodes from April 2014 to September 2020 at a large tertiary care centre in West ...

Background: There are several good practices to improve DKA management across hospitals. However, the lack of a unified system limits comparisons and learning from each other.Objectives: To establish a DKA registry to identify best practices across centres in the West Midlands.Methods: All people admitted with DKA at four hospitals in the West Midlands (named A, B, C, D for anonymity) from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2020 wer...

Introduction: Diabetes related ketoacidosis (DKA) is usually associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, DKA is increasingly being recognised in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We studied the differences in prevalence and precipitating factors of DKA between T1DM and T2DM.Methods: This retrospective study included all DKA episodes from January to November 2021 in six hospitals in the West Midlands, UK. DKA was diagnosed as serum glucose&#8...

Background: Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS) is an acute metabolic complication of diabetes that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if managed incorrectly. With <1% prevalence, there is limited published literature available on HHS and most management guidelines worldwide are based solely on expert advice and opinions.Aims: To study the precipitating causes and identify baseline practises of HHS management, to highlight areas for ...

Background: With increasing ethnic diversity in the Western World, it is important to establish the safety of religious practices such as fasting during Ramadan. There is limited information about severity and outcome of diabetes-related ketoacidosis (DKA) during Ramadan outside Middle East.Objective: We studied differences in severity, DKA-related complications and outcomes of DKA before (Shaban), during (Ramadan) and after Ramadan (Shawwal).<p clas...

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute endocrine emergency in people with diabetes. Paucity of information prevails over sex- and age-related variations in patients presenting with DKA.Objective: To assess the impact of age and sex in the clinical course, presentation, outcome and management of DKA in people with type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Methods: We included all DKA from April 2014 to September 2020 in ...

Objectives: Limited evidence exists studying the impact of ethnicity on diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We aimed to study the impact of ethnicity on presentation, management and outcome of DKA in type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes.Methods: All DKA episodes from April 2014 to September 2020 in a UK tertiary care centre were identified. Data were collected on diabetes type, demographics, biochemical and clinical features on admission, and DKA management...

Objectives: We explored the differences in severity and outcomes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in people with type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Methods: All DKA episodes from April 2014 to September 2020 at a tertiary care centre in the United Kingdom were identified. People admitted with DKA were classified as having T1DM or T2DM based on previously established diagnosis, autoantibody status, and/or phenotypic features. We compared the differenc...